NAIL from Boguslav Pazur http://www.bridge.com.pl/ notes by Dan Neill 2013 Does not include defensive bidding module, use your own. Make sure to read EXITING RELAYS AND SETTING TRUMPS at end. ******************************************************************************** OPENING BID SUMMARY ******************************************************************************** 1C = 15+, denies 4+H 1D = 15+, 4+H 1H = 10-14, 4+H may have longer minor, wrong for 1NT - mb 9 with 5H-4S or 10+crds 2-suiter, occ 35(32) 10-11 1S = 10-14, 4+S (if 4 may have longer minor but not 4H) - mb 9 with 5S-4H or 10+crds 2-suiter, 10-11 if 5332 reasonable suit 1N = 12-14, may have 5M, or semibal 11 2C = 10-14, 6+C 1-suiter (or 5+C-4D unbal) 2D = 10-14, 6+D 1-suiter (or 5+D-4C unbal) 2H = weak 2, no 4M or 5m usu., not 5crds 2S = weak 2, no 4M or 5m usu., not 5crds 2N = 11-14 5+D-5+C 3m = NV destructive; V disciplined 6+crds (7 unfav), prob no side entry 3M = NV destructive; V constructive 3N = gambling, SOL 7+minor no side stop 4y = vul-dependent 4N = 6+-6+ minors freak, less than opening Third/Fourth Seat Adjustments: BAL ranges shift up a HCP: 1N = 13-15, 1M mb 10-12 bal, 1m if bal is 16+ 2M 4th seat is at or just below a minimum opening bid strength 3y = no restrictions, except in 4th seat it is about a light opening bid ******************************************************************************** 1C OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** 1D = 0-8, or 14+, any distr 1H = 4+S 9-13, GF - wrong for NT (if just 4S, then denies 5+H) 1S = BAL 9-13, GF - occ. semibal good for declaring 1N = 4+H 9-13, GF - wrong for NT, may have 4S if 5+H 2C = nat 9-13, GF - 6+C 1suiter or 5+C-4D 2D = nat 9-13, GF - 6+D 1-suiter or 5+D-4C 2M = 6-8 6crd (reasonable), denies 4oM or 5+m (3M = invite, 3H over 2S = GF spl raise) 2N = 5+D-5+C 9-13, GF 3m = invite, reasonable 7+m, 6-7 HCP 3M = invite, reasonable 7+M, 5-6 HCP (3S = nat GF, 4m = cue for M but may be nat) -------------------- 1C-1D Developments: -------------------- 1H = 19+ relay 1S = 0-4/14+ any, or 5-8 BAL 1N = 19-21 (see 1C-1D-1N cont's) 2C = 19-21 6+C 1suiter or 5+C-4D unbal; OR 22+ not 3-suited or NT; OR 24+ NT 2D = 0-4 ART, F1 2H = 19-21 6+C 1-suiter, or 5+-4+ minors without 4S - short major 2S = 3-4, 3+C, invit raise, F1 2N = D longer than C 3C = to play 3D/M = GF, splinter in suit bid 2N = 0-4, D longer than C, F1 3C = less than invite, C not shorter than D, NF 3D/M = 6+suit NF 2S = 22+ 4S-5+m or 40(54) or 5+S, GF 2N = may have 3S 3S = 4+S 2N = 24+ NT (see 1C-1D-1H-1S-2N - accept transfer with fit) 3m = 22+, 6+m, suggests 1-suiter, GF 3M = 22+ splinter with 5+-4+ minors, GF 2H = 5-8 bal/semibal GF; OR any 14+ 2S = 22+ 4S-5+m or 5+S (2N = may have 3S, 3S = 4+S) 2N = 24+ NT (3-bids show 4crds [3H over 3m shows 4fit m]) 3C = 19+ 6+C 1-suiter 3D = 22+ 6+D 1-suiter 3M = 19+ splinter, 5+-4+ minors 2S = 3-4 5+ 5+ with at least one M (like Wilkosz) 3C = NF 2N = asks suits a la Wilkosz (3C = 5+C-5+M [3D asks M], 3D = D-H, 3H = H-S, 3S = S-D) else = GF 2N = 3-4, 5+4+ minors, GF 3m = sets suit, asks shortness (3N = none) 3y = 3-4, decent 6+crd, invite (any bid now = GF) 2D = 19-21 6+D, denies 4S or 5C, may have 4H (see 1C-1D-2D) 2H = 19-21 5+S, semiforcing Pass/2S = to play 2N = GF 3m = NF (NS = seminatural F to 3N or 4m, 4 jump NS = cue for m) 3S = invite (4m = cue) 2S = 19-21 4S exactly with 5+minor or 3-suiter short H, NF 2N = asks for shortness GF (see 1C-1S-2S-2N) 3C = p/c for minor, NF 3D = p/c for minor, invit+ for clubs, NF 3H = 4+S, wasted H strength if pd short, invit 3S = 4+S, good H holding for shortness, invit 4C = 3+ 3+ minors, p/c, invit 2N = 22-23 3C = 0-4 6+D, OR 3-8 with 4S 3D = no game if pd has D (3H = 4S, 3S/4C/4H = splinter with D GF) 3S = 4/5 S, GF even if pd has D 3N = denies 4+S, GF even if pd has D 3D = 0-4 5+H, F1 3H = 0-4 5+S, F1 3S = 3-4 5+-4+ minors GF, OR 7-8 44/54 minors balanced slammish 3N = to play 4C = 3-4 7(6) C bal, slammish 4D/M = 3-4, 7(6)+ C, splinter, slammish ** all of the above may also be 14+ ** 3m = 20-21 long self-sufficient suit, at most one loser, invite 3H = 4144/40(54) 22+ GF 3S = 8.5-9 tricks in spades, invite 1N = 5-8 4+H GF (like 1C-1N) 2m = 5-8 natural GF (like 1C-2m) 2H = 5-8 5+S, GF, no side 5suit 2S = 5-8 4S exactly UNBAL, GF, denies 4+H 2N = 5-8 5+D-5+C GF (see 1C-2N) 3m = 5-8 5+S-5+m GF (see 5-5 relays) 3H/3S/4C = 5-8 5+S-5+H GF, steps acc. to 5-5 structure 1S = NF 15-18 4+S without 4+H, wrong for NT, OR 15-16 5S(332) TREAT AS 1S OPENING EXCEPT: RESPONDER NEEDS JUST 4 HCP TO BID By Passed Hand - same as over Pass-1S, except 2D/2H shows 7-8 HCP 1N = normal 2H = 15-18 4144/40(54) semiforcing 2D = 5+H, 14+, or invite with 5+H-3S (see 1S-2D) 3S = invite, not pree 4m/4H = splinters, 8 HCP (with 14+ HCP relay instead) 1N = 15-18 NT, denies 4+H 2C = mb various spadish hands or C signoff or 14+: (a) 0-8/14+ 4+S-5(4)+H (b) 0-8/14+ 4S-5+m (c) 7-8 5S (d) 14+, 5m-4H-(31) (e) 14+ not right for 2D+ (f) 0-5 6+C, denies 4+S or 5+red 2D = 15-18 without 4+S, semiforcing (see 1N-2C-2D) 2H = 17-18, 4/5S, F1 2S = 4(3)+S, signoff 3H = 4+S transfer, invit, F1 3S = 4+S, good for declaring, invit else = same as 1N-2C-2S cont's 2S = 15-16, 4/5S, NF (see 1N-2C-2S) 2D = 0-8/14+ 5+H, usually denies 4+S (see 1N-2D); odd bids by RE show 14+ 2H = accepts transfer (2N = invit with 5H 8 HCP 1-suiter) 2H through 4S = just like 1N-2H+ except opener cannot have 4H; non-weakish bids by RE show 14+ 2m = NF, 15-18 6+crd, no 4+M or 5+om see 2m opening responses (in R sequences, it's never just 5crd minor so remove those bids) By passed hand, same as over 2m opening, except 2M over 2D shows 6-8 natural 2M = 15-18 fragment with both minors 5+-4+ oM = reasonable 6+crd suit, no fit, NF 2N = 0-8, equal minor length, no M fit; OR any 14+ 3C = C longer/equal to D, NF 3D = 3M-5+D-4C NF 3H = 17-18 3M 5-5 minors| 3S = 17-18 3M 6C-4D | 3N = 17-18 3M 6D-4C |--> 4 of a 5+crd suit = to play; else = relay scheme for setting suit 3m = 3+m to play 3M raise = invit 3m = 4+m invit 2N = 15-18 5+ 5+ minors no 3M, semiforcing (see 2N opening) 3m = invite 15-17 self-sufficient 7+m at most one loser, no 4+M or 5+om 3y = F to 3N or 4m, may be values only JS = cue -------------------- 1C-1H Developments: -------------------- 1S = R (see 1M relays) 1N = 4+S-4+C at least 5-4 (see 4+-4+ relays) 2C = R 4+ 4+ 2D = 6+D 2H = 5(6)D, 3S, short C 2S = 5(6)D, 3C, short S 2N = 4+C short S 3C = 4+S short C 3D = 4+C voidwood S 3H = 4+S voidwood C 2C = 4+S-4+D at least 5-4 (see 4+-4+ relays) 2D = R 4+ 4+ 2H = 6+C 2S = 5(6)C, 3S, short D 2N = 5(6)C, 3D, short S 3C = 4+D, short S 3D = 4+S, short D 3H = 4+D, voidwood S 3S = 4+S, voidwood D 2D = 5+S-4+H, see 5+-4+ relays 2H = R 5+-4+ 2S = 6+C 2N = 6+D 3C = 5C-3S short H 3D = 5D-3S short H 3H = 5C-3H short S 3S = 5D-3H short S 4C = 4+H short S 4D = 4+S short H games = to play 2H = 6+S 1-suiter 2S = R K2D 2N = 6+C, good for NT 3C = 6+C 3D = 6+D 3H/3S/4C = 3+S short C/D/H 4D = 3+S voidwood C 2S = 44(14) (K2D R) 2N/3C/3D = 5(332) l/m/h doub 1N = nat 2C = nat, primary D, does not want to relay 2D = nat, primary D, does not want to relay 2H = 15-17 3S-5+-4+ minors, forcing 2S = 15-17 4+S bal, no slam unless partner has a good hand OVER THESE natural continuations except direct new bid (3NT = short H) is splinter showing 5+S 2N = 15-17 5+ 5+ minors, denies 3S, GF (3m = sets m asks short acc. to 5-5 structure, 3H = general waiting) 3m = 15-17 self-sufficient minor at most 1 loser, GF, denies 3+S, suggests 1-suiter 3M/N = 15-17 splinter H/C/D, 4+S, GF -------------------- 1C-1S Developments: -------------------- 1N = R (see BAL relays); 15-17 NT asks for 4S and 5M, no slam interest, OR 15+ start of relaying 2C = denies 4+S or 5H (see BAL relays) 2D = 4S (see BAL relays) 2H = R 2S = asks for worthless doubleton to look for best game (l/m/h else 3NT) 3S = c.o.g. 3N or 4S assumed, but can turn into slamtry cue-bidding else = nat 2H = 5S (see SHORTNESS relays) 2S = R 2N = asks for worthless doubleton to look for best game (l/m/h else 3NT) 3S = c.o.g. 3N or 4S assumed, but can turn into slamtry cue-bidding else = nat 2S = 5H (see SHORTNESS relays) 2N = R 3C = asks for worthless doubleton to look for best game (l/m/h else 3NT) 3H = c.o.g. 3N or 4H assumed, but can turn into slamtry cue-bidding else = nat 2m = 15+ 6+crd 1-suiter, F step 1 = R (see SHORTNESS relays) step 1 = 15-17 (R asks SHORTNESS relays) step 2+ = 18+ acc to SHORTNESS relay steps 3m = 9-13, 3+fit to top honor; side doubleton, at least 4 controls 3y JS = value-showing, good m fit 2H = 5+S, 15+, forcing 2S = 3+S 3D = nat 3S = sets S (4D = 5-5 good suit)( 3H = 6+S splinter, suggests 1-suiter 2N = denies 3+S 3H = 6+S splinter, suggests 1-suiter 3S = 9-13, 4+S, side doubleton, at least 4 controls else = natural without 3+S 2S = 15+ 4S, any splinter; if 4144 then 15-17 2N = asks short 3m = short m (nat conts) 3H = short H, 5+C (3S = sets S, 4C = sets C) 3S = short H, 5+D (4C/H = cue with 4+S [4H mb fake just denying C cue], 4D = sets D) 3N = 15-17 4144 2N = 15+, 5+C-4+D, C not shorter than D, short major, denies 4S 3m = fit (3M = short) 3C = 15-18 NT, asks for 4S or 5M, no slam interest does not want to declare NT 3D = 4S 3H = worthless doubleton H without 4S, suggests maybe a game besides 3NT 3S = xfer to 3NT 4m = S fit, possible slam opposite tip top maximum 3M = 5M 3S (over 3H) = xfer to 3NT 4m = fit, chance for slam opposite tip top maximum 3N = neither 3D = 15+ 5+D-4+C, D longer than C, short H, denies 4S 3H = 15+, 5+D, 4+C, D longer then C, short S 3S = 15-18 transfer to 3NT, no interest in 4+S or 5H -------------------- 1C-1N Developments: -------------------- 2C = 15+ relay, see 1M Relays 2D = 4+C 2H = 4+ 4+ relays 2S = 6+D, wrong for declaring NT 2N = 6+D, good for declaring NT 3C = 5D-3S short C 3D = 5D-3C short S 3H = 4+C short S 3S = 4+S short C 4C = 4+C voidwood S 4D = 4+S voidwood C 2H = 4+D 2S = 4+ 4+ relays 2N = 6+C good for declaring NT 3C = 6+C bad for declaring NT 3D = 5C-3S short C 3H = 5C-3D short S 3S = 4+D short S 4C = 4+S short D 4D = 4+D voidwood S 4H = 4+S voidwood D 2S = 5+H-4S 2N = 5+-4 relays (no 5-5 possible) 3C = 6+C 3D = 6+D 3H = 5C-3S short H 3S = 5D-3S short H 4C = 4+S short H 4D = 4+H short S 2N = 6+S 1-suiter 3C = K2D ask 3D = 6+C 3H = 6+D 3S/4C/4D = 3+S short C/D/H 4H = 3+S voidwood C 3C/D/H = 5(332) l/m/h doub 2D = 15+ 5+D, F 2H = nat 2S = 4S 3S = sets suit (3N = 4252 coop., 4C/4H = shortness, 4D = 4S-6+D, 4S = bad for slam no short) 2N = waiting 3C = 6+H-4C 3D = 6+H-3D 3H = extras no side feature 3S = 6H-4S 3N = min no side feature 2S = nat 2N = waiting 3C = 4S-5H 3+C 3D = 4H-5+H-3D 3H = 4S-6+H denies 3D 3S = 4522 extras 3N = 4522 no extras 2H = 15+ 5+C, F 2N = 15-17 5+C-5+D GF 3m = sets m, asks short (see 5-5 structure) 3S = asking 3m/3S = 15-17, self-sufficient 7+suit, suggesets 1-suiter, usually denies 3+H, F 3H = 15-17 4144 (nat cont's) -------------------- 1C-2m Developments: -------------------- 2C 2D = R (see 5+m relays), 15+ 2H = 5+C, wrong for bidding NT 3C/3S = 15-17, self-sufficient 7+crd suit, suggests 1-suiter, denies 3+D 3H = 15-17, splinter 4+C 2D 2H = R (see 5+m relays), 15+ 3H = 15-17, splinter, 4+D 3S = 15-17, self-sufficient 7+crd suit, suggests 1-suiter, denies 3+C -------------------- 1C-2N Developments: -------------------- 3m = fit, asks shortness (see 5-5 relays) 3H = asks H stopper -------------------- 1C-3m Developments: -------------------- 3D/3S = nat 5+crds, F to 3N or 4m 3H = general worry about 3NT, or preface to slamtry 4m raise = invite, 2+m, wrong for 3NT 4C (over 3D) = 7+ self-sufficient C, short D, slamtry *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* Handling Interference over 1C *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* (X) Pass = 0-5 XX = 7+ HCP, at least cooperative penalty interest (if X = clubs, then shows 4+C suggests playing), sets up forcing Pass else = treat as artificial call (see 1y ART below), with adjustments for their real suit (1D = nat) Pass = weak or trap (Pass) Must reopen @ 1-level X = takeout, including stronger hands like 20-21 NT or 20+ hands over 1S overcall, promises 2/3 H over other overcalls, promises 3+S (XX) Pass = to play (NS) X = had a penalty Pass, suggests enough strength to handle pd's penalty of NS (2D) X = penalty 1N = 15-19 NS (not hearts) = NF 2D cue = 5+ 5+ two suits not their suit or H, F to 3N/4m cheap H bid = ART asks stopper, or some GF hand (if this is cue, just general GF) JS = invite long suit 2N = 22-23 (bid) 1N = 18-20 else = similar to above Leb over opener's X of 2-level call X = 5+H 6+ HCP, denies 5+-5+ (2bid or 3bid) X = takeout, 2N = NF, 2 NS = NF, 2H = ART GF 1H = 3fit, F1 NS = nat F1 1N = 15-17, no 3fit 2D = ART GF 2H = invite 3fit JS = nat self-sufficient suit GF 2N = 17(+)-18 invite, usu denies 3+H 1H = 4+S, 6+ HCP, denies 5+ 5+ (2bid) X = support double, 2N = NF without 3S, 2 NS = NF, 2H = ART GF (3bid) X = takeout, may have 3S 1S = 3fit F1, or GF 4+fit 1N = 15-17 2C = 5+C F1 2D = ART GF with 3fit 2H = ART GF no 3fit 2S = invit 4fit 2N = 17(+)-18 invite, usu. denies 3+S 1S = bal/semibal/3suiter 6+HCP, says nothing about stopper, denies 4+S (bid) 2 NS = NF, 2N = NF 1N = 15-17 2C = nat F1 2D = ART GF 2H = ? 2S = 5+S NF 2N = 17(+)-18, invite 3C = self-sufficient suit, GF 3S = nat invite 1N = 5+C, 6+HCP, denies 4+S, at most a half-stopper, unless GF with stopper (bid) 2NS = NF, 2N = NF 2C = NF, not nec. fit, including 15-17 bal 2D = GF ART with fit 2H = GF ART no fit 2S = 5+S NF 2N = invite 17(+)-18 3C = invit, fit 3S = nat invite 2C = 5+C 9+HCP GF, denies 4+S or stopper 2D = 6+H 5-7, denies 4+S or 5+C (see 1C-2H, but 3D is ART asking) 2H = 6+S 5-7, denies 5+C or 5+H (see 1C-2S, but 3D is ART asking) 2S = 5+-5+ S-H or S-C 5-7 HCP 2N = invit+ relay asks for 2nd suit bid 2nd suit nat (3C/3H here) = minimum (correction/raise = NF) cheap impossible suit (3D here) = GF max with cheapest side suit (C here) higher non-2nd suit (3S here) = GF max with higher side suit ( H here) 3C = p/c for 2nd suit, NF 3D cue = asks pd to bid 3NT with half-stopper, or otherwise show shortness 3H = nat F1 (assumes pd does not have H) 3S = invite 4C = p/c for 2nd suit 2N = 5+-5+ H-C 5-7 HCP 3C/3H = to play 3D cue = asks pd to bid 3NT with half-stopper, or otherwise show shortness 3S = nat F1 3C = 5+-5+ S-C GF 3D = 5+-5+ S-H GF 3H = 5+-5+ H-C GF, lo short 3S = 5+-5+ H-C GF, hi short (1H = nat) FOR ALL CONTINUATIONS SEE (1D) Pass = weak or trap X = 4+S, 6+ HCP, denies 5-5 shape 1S = bal/semibal/3suiter 6+HCP, says nothing about stopper, denies 4+S 1N = 5+C, 6+HCP, denies 4+S or 5+D, at least a half-stopper if GF 2C = 5+D, 6+ HCP, not 5-5 2D = 5+C GF, denies 4+S or stopper 2H = 6+S 5-7, denies 5+minor 2S = 5+-5+ S + minor 5-7 HCP 2N = 5+-5+ minors 5-7 HCP see 1D, except 3H = asks shortness (see 2N opening step responses), and 4m = invite 3C = 5+-5+ S-C GF 3D = 5+-5+ S-D GF 3H = 5+-5+ minors, lo short 3S = 5+-5+ minors, hi short (1S = nat) FOR ALL CONTINUATIONS SEE (1D) Pass = weak or trap (Pass) see vs 1D X = bal/semibal/3suiter 6+HCP, says nothing about stopper 1N = 5+C 6+ HCP, if GF then at least half-stopper 2C = 5+D 6+ HCP 2D = 5+H 6+ HCP 2H = 5+C GF no stopper 2S = 5+-5+ H + minor 5-7 HCP 2N = 5+-5+ minors 5-7 HCP see 1D, except 3H = asks shortness (see 2N opening step responses), and 4m = invite 3C = 5+-5+ H-C GF 3D = 5+-5+ H-D GF 3H = 5+-5+ minors lo short 3S = 5+-5+ minors hi short (1y = no anchor suit [e.g. Suction or CRASH]) Treat as normal 1y, except transfer to their "suit" really shows that suit and for 2-suiters pretend they showed spades (so see 1C-[1S] for 2-suiters) Also, after 2D xfer to 2H, 2S = F1 and 3S = GF (1y = known anchor suit not y, e.g. transfer) Treat as normal, but now we have 2 transfers to their real suit 1-level transfer to real suit shows 5+C GF no stopper 2-level transfer to real suit show 3-suit GF short in their suit Pass = weak or trap (nonforcing bid) X = takeout through 4S (forcing bid) X = nat 5+crds (NT) X = pen (1N/2y ART) Treat as normal 2-level overcall, but X could also be GF with interest in penalty or asking stopper. "Cue" is obv natural GF. (1N = nat!) X = 6+ any hand 2y = nat NF, not too weak if just 5 cards 2N = 5+5+ minors invite 3y = nat invite 6+crds, wrong for X (2C) Pass = 0-5 or trap (Pass) Must almost always reopen unless 15-19 defensive X = takeout, or strong hands like 22+ NT promises 3+S (if their suit is S, promises 2/3H) Lebensohl cont's NS = NF JS = invite strong suit 3cue = 5+5+ the other 2 suits that are not H, GF (if their suit = H, just general GF) 2N = 19-21 2H = ART asks stopper, 18+ X = 6-8 catchall, F to 2N 2NS = NF, 4+crds H/cue = GF bids - higher shows short their suit, cheaper is just catchall GF 2N = NF 15-17, usu denies biddable 4+crd suit JS NS = invite 2D/H = GF 5+crds 2S = 4+crds GF 2N = nat GF, stopper, denies 4+S 3C = GF bal no stopper, denies 4+S 3D/H/S = invit 6+crds 4D = sets suit, asks cue-bids, slammish (2D) FOR ALL CONTINUATIONS SEE (2C) Pass = 0-5 or trap X = 6-8 catchall, F to 2N 2H/3C = 5+crds GF 2S = 4+crds GF 2N = nat GF, stopper, denies 4+S 3D = GF bal no stopper, denies 4+S 3M = invit 6+crds 4C = sets suit, asks cue-bids, slammish (2H) FOR ALL CONTINUATIONS SEE (2C) Pass = 0-5 or trap X = 6-8 catchall, F to 2N 2S = 4+crds GF 3m = 5+crds GF 3H = GF bal no stopper, denies 4+S 3S = 6+crds invit 4m = sets suit, asks cue-bids, slammish (2S) FOR ALL CONTINUATIONS SEE (2C) Pass = 0-5 or trap X = 6-8 catchall, F to 2N 3y = 5+crds GF 3S = GF bal/1444, no stopper 4m = sets suit, asks cue-bids, slammish (3y) Pass = 0-7 or trap (Pass) X = takeout, not obligatory NS = nat NF 3H = asks for stopper their suit 4y = 5+-5+ 2 suits not their suit or H, GF 4N = nat over 3m/4m, 5+ 5+ minors over M no slam interest X = 8+ general GF, nothing else to do NS below game = nat GF games = to play 4y (=M) cue = 5+oM-5+minor 4y (=m) cue = 5+ 5+ majors (4y) Pass = 0-7 or trap, NOT FORCING (Pass) X = takeout 4H = 5+ 5+ S-om 4N = nat over m, minors over M X = 8+ general GF (5y) Pass = weak or trap, FORCING X = 8+ general GF ******************************************************************************** 1D OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** 1H = waiting F1; 0-4 any hand, or 9+ no 4+M, or 12+ 4+H 1S = 4+S 5+ HCP, usually denies 4+H 1N = NF, 5-8 bal/semibal, no 4+M; if 3H, then NT-oriented (mb 6m 1-suiter with 1-2 H) 2C = 5-8, 3H, denies 4+S, F1 2D = 4-8, 4+H, F1 2H = semiforcing denies 3+H; 6+S 4-6, 5+-5+ minors 5-8, or 7+D (6D-4C) 1-suiter 5-6 2S = F1 multi: 7-8 6+m without 4+S, 3+H, 5+om; OR 5-6 7+C (6C-4D) 1-suiter 0-2 H 2N = 8(+)-11 4+H, bal, GF 3C = mixed raise, 4+H 4-6 HCP, F1 3D = minisplinters: 8-11 4H unbal, OR 7-8 5+H unbal 3H = pree, 0-3 4+H, vul-dependent 3S/3N/4C = splinters, 8(+)-11, 5+fit (3N = D) 4D = GF, 4-6, 4+H, distributional 4H = pree, 0-3, 4+H, very distributional -------------------- 1D-1H Developments: -------------------- 1S = 4+S, F1 1N = 9+ any hand, GF, see 4+ 4+ relays 2C = 15-17 any shape 2D = R for 4+ 4+ relays 2H = 6+C 2S = 6+D 2N = 5(6)C-3S short H 3C = 5(6)D-3S short H 3D = 5(6)C-3H short S 3H = 5(6)D-3H short S 3S = 4+H short S 4C = 4+S short H 4D = 4+H voidwood S 2D+ = 18+ 4+ 4+ relay steps 2C = 0-4, no 3+M, semiforcing 2D = 15+, no 6+M if less than GF, asks for doubleton M (F1) 2H = doub H, denies 7+m or 6+-5+ minors (2N = GF ask, else nat NF) 2N = GF ask (3m = 6m, 3H = 5D-5C, 3S = 2245, 3N = 2254) 2S = doub S, short H, denies 7+m or 6+-6+ minors (2N = GF ask, else nat NF) 2N = GF ask (3m = 6m, 3H = 5D-5C) 2N = 6+-5+ minors (3M = forcing to 4m) 3m = 7+m (3M = forcing to 4m) 2H = 15-18, 6+M, NF 2N = 22-23, no 6+M or 4+m, invite 3m = 18-20 4H-4S-5m, invite 3M = 19-21, 6+M invite 2D = 0-4, 3S-2/3H, F1 3m = F1, 19+ 3+m, short om, invit or better 2H = 0-4, 3+H, H longer than S, NF 2S = 0-4, 4+S or 3S-shortH, NF 2N = 9-11 5+D-5+C no 3+M, GF (3m = sets suit, asks shortness [see 5-5 relays]) 3m = 9-11 decent 6+m, suggests 1-suited, no 3+M, GF 3H = 9-11, 4S, short H, GF 3S = 0-4, 5+S distributional, invite 4S = 0-4, 5+S, very distributional 1N = 15-21 NF, 4/5H, bal/semibal, denies 4+S 2C = 9+ GF relay (see BAL relays) 2D = 15-17 (R asks BAL steps) 2H+ = 18-21 BAL relay steps 2D = 0-4 3+H or 9+ 3H (2H = normal, 2S+ = superaccept with 5H) 2H = 0-4, 5+S, F1 (2S = normal, 2N+ = superaccept with 4[3]+S) 2S = 0-4 or 9+, 5+-4+ minors, denies 3+H, F1 (2N = no long pref, 3m = 4+m ---> after these NS = short GF) 2N = 0-4 6+C, denies 5+D/S, F1; OR 9+ 6(5)+ C usu. denies 3+H or 4+D 3C = normal, else = superaccept C ->>> after these, NS = short GF 3C = 0-4 6+D, denies 5+C/S F1; OR 9+ 6(5)+D without short C, usu denies 3+H and 4+C 3D = normal, else = superaccept D ->>> after these, NS = short GF 3D = 6+D, short C, usu. denies 3+H GF 3H = 12-14, 4H, very strongly NT-oriented, c.o.g., GF 3N = 9-12 bal/semibal, denies 4+H or slam interest, NF (bid = 20-21) 2C = natural 15-21, either suit may be longer, or 1444 2D = 9+ GF relay (see 4+4+ relays) 2H = 15-17 any 2S = 4+ 4+ relay (not 4432) 2N = 4H-5+C or 1444 3C = R 5+-4 (3D = 4H-6+C, 3H = lo short, 3S = hi short or 1444, 3N = 2452) 3C = 5H-5C (see 5-5 relay) 3D = 6+H-4C 3H = 5H-4C lo short 3S = 5H-4C hi short 3N = 5H-4C-2-2 2N = 6+D good for declaring NT 3C = 6+D bad for declaring NT 3D = 5(6)D 3H short C 3H = 5(6)D 3C short H 3S = 4+C short H 4C = 4+H short C 4D = 4+C voidwood H 2S+ = 18-21 following 4+-4+ relay steps 2H = 0-4, 2+H NF Pass = 5+H min 2S = 3S-4H-5C NF 2N = invite max with 4H (with 21 may have 5H) 3C = 5+C 3D = 1444 2S = 0-4 6(5)+S, denies 3+H or 4+C NF 3C = 3-4, 4+m, mild invite 4m = 3-4, 5+m, distributional, invite else = 9+ GF 2D = natural 15-21, either suit may be longer, not 3-suited 2H = 0-4 2+H NF Pass = 5+H min 2S = 3S-4H-5D NF 2N = invite max with 4H (with 21 may have 5H) 3C = 0454 3D = 5+D without 3S 2S = 9+ GF relay (see 4+-4+ relays without 4432/4441) 2N = 4H-5+D 3C = R (3D = 6+D, 3H = 5D lo short, 3S = 5D hi short, 3N = 2452) 3D = 6+C 3H = 5(6)C, 3D, short H 3S = 4+H short D 4C = 4+D short H 3C = 5+H-4+D short C 3D = 5+H-5+D 3H = 6+H-4D 3S = 1543/0544 3N = 2542 3D/4D = as club raises above else = 9+ GF 2H = 15-21 6+H, denies 4+S or 5+m, NF 2S = 9+ GF R (see SHORT relays) 2N = 15-17 any (then 3C = asks SHORT relays) 3C+ = 18-21 following SHORT relay steps 3H = 3-4, 3(2)+H, mild invite, NF else = 9+ GF 2S = 22+ 4+H denies 4+S, bad for NT; OR 24+ 4/5 H BAL, denies 4+S 2N = waiting, can declare NT usually 3m/3S = 5+suit 3H = 4+H bal 2N = 22-23 4/5H, denies 4+S, BAL 3C = 0-4/9+ 6+D, F1 3D = 0-4/9+, 3+H F1 (3H = normal, else = superaccept 5+H GF location values [3N = F, 4m = side suit]) else as over 1C-1D-1H-1S-2N except RE may be 9+ 3m = 19-21 5H-5+m invite 3H/4m = NF correction 3D (over 3C) = nat F to 3N/4C/4D 3S = strong H flag 4C (over 3D) = cue for D unless rebid C (nat) 4D (over 4C) = cue for C 4S = cue for m 3H = invite, self-sufficent H, 8.5-9 tricks for H 3S/4m = GF auto-splinter, slammish 19+ HCP, self-sufficient 7+ H -------------------- 1D-1S Developments: -------------------- See Interference at end 1N = NF 15-17 4/5 H bal/semibal without 4+S, or 1444 2C = multi F1, usu. nat weak or checkback (a) 5-8 5+C-4+S denies 6+S or 3+H (b) 7(+)+, 4+S-3H (c) 7(+)+, 5+S (d) 15+ 4S, slammish 2D = 15-16, denies 3S (2M/3C = NF, 2N = further ask for nat bidding [except 3N = 1444 min]) 2H = 16(+)-17, 3S (2M/3C = NF, 2N = further ask for nat bidding) 2S = 15-16(-), 3S (3S = counter-invite, 2N = further ask for nat bidding) 2N = 16(+)-17, 2S (3C = NF, 3D = asks for m [3H = C, 3S = D, 3N = 2533] further bidding nat) 3C = 16(+)-17, 1444 2D = 5-8 NF 2H = 4-6 to play, 3fit 2S = to play 2N = invite, denies 5+S or 3+H 3m = GF 4S-5+m 3H = ? 3S = invite 4m = splinter for H, 5+trumps 2C = ART 15-18 waiting: 5+H-4+m denies 4S, OR 4H-5+m denies 4S probably not 5422 2D = 5-8 p/c; 4/5S 3+D - if just 3D then short H - denies 3H, NF raises = natural 2H = 5+H 4+C 2S = 3S 2N = 4H + 4/5 C 3C = 4H + 6+C 2H = 5-8 4/5 S, doubleton H, denies 4+D, NF, OR 5-7 4+S-3H Pass = 5+H min 2S = 4/5H, 3 S 2N = invite, may have 5H 3m = nat, just 4H 3H = invit, 5+H 2S = ART 9+ GF asking 2N = 5+H 4+C 3C = 5+H 4+D 3D = 4H-5+C denies 3S 3H = 4H-5+D denies 3S 3S = 3415/3406 3N = 3451/3460 2N = 7(+)-8, 4/5S 4+D 3+C, short H - asks for minor and strength, F1 3m = 15-16 4+m, denies 3S, NF 3H = 17-18 4+C, denies 3S, GF 3S = 15-18, 3S, F1 (4C/5C = p/c for minor, NF) 3N = 17-18, 4+D, denies 3S, ok with 3NT 4m = 6+m, slammish 3m = 8+, 5+S-5+m, GF 3H = 7(+)-8, 4+S-3H, invite 3S = 7-8, 6+S, usually denies 3H, invit 2D = ART GF, 19+, 4+H, denies 4+S, 6+m, or 5+5+ 2H = waiting, says nothing about H, denies 5suit 2S = 5+S (2N = waiting) 2N = good for declaring 3m = 4S-5+crds 3H = ? 3S = great suit (3N = to play, else = cue for S) 4m = splinter for H, slam force, 5+trumps 2H = NF, 15-17(-), 6+H, denies 4+S or 5+m; if 4m then weaker than H 2S = ART asks shortness (same as 2H-2S, except 3S which shows 3622 GF) 2N/3H/3S = invite 3m = nat GF 4m = splinter for H, 3+fit, some slam interest 2S = NF raise, 15-17ish 2N = asks short 3m = short m 3H = (54)22 max 3S = bal min 3N = 44(32) max else = HSGT or ST 2N = invite, 18-19, denies 4S, bal/semibal or 1444 3m = nat (3S = 3S without 4+m, 3N = denies 4+m or 3S, else = 4+m) 3S = 5+S 4m/4H = autosplinter 6+S 3m = GF 18+ 5+H-5+m or 4H-6+m, denies 3S 3S = invit raise (17-18) 3N = asks short 4m = short m 4H = bal max 4S = bal min 3N = 19+ GF bal raise 4+H-4+S 4m = 19+ GF splinter raise Handling Interference over 1S: (2C) X = 3fit, non-minimal 2D = nat 2H = nat 2S = 4fit 2N = nat invite (2D) X = 3fit, non-minimal 2H = nat 2S = 4fit 2N = 15-16 or 19+, 5+crd lower suit, or 6+ original suit (Good/Bad 2N), semiforces 3C 3C = 17-18, 4+H-6+C, denies 3+S, invite (2H = nat) 2N = 15-16 or 19+, 5+crd minor (Good/Bad 2N), semiforces 3C (2S) X = 3fit non-minimal 2N = Good/Bad 3suit = 17-18 (3m) X = cards -------------------- 1D-1N Developments: -------------------- See Interference notes at end. 2C = 15-18 4+H-4+m, denies 5+S, wrong for NT 2D = 5-8 4+D NF raise = nat with D 2H = 5+H 4+C 2S = nat with C 2N = nat with C 3C = long C 2H = 5-8 4+C 2/3H, denies 4+D, NF 2S = good C raise 2N = 4H-4+D NF 3C = to play, just 4H 3D = 4H-long D 2S = 7-8, 31(54) F1 2N = 7(+)-8, 3H-4/5D, denies 4+C, suggests 3343, invite 3C = 7(+)-8, 3H-4/5C, denies 4+D, suggests 3334, invite 3D = 7(+)-8, 2344, good doubleton S 2D = 19+ 4+H GF 2H = 5-8 4/5C bal/semibal (see BAL relays, else nat) 2S = 5-8 4/5D 1-suited (see BAL relays, else nat) 2N = 5-6, 6C 1-suiter, denies 3H (nat, or 3C R: 3D = 3136, 3H = 2236, 3S = 3226) 3C = 5-6, 6D 1-suiter, denies 3H (nat, or 3D R: 3H = 3163, 3S = 2263, 3N = 3262) 3D = 5-8, 3145 (see trump-setting relays) 3H = 5-8, 3154 (see trump-setting relays) 2H = 6+H nat 15-18 NF 2S = asks for short (2N = S, 3m = m, 3H = none) 2N = inv 3m = fit-showing raise, bad values opposite shortness 2S = 15-17 5+S-4+H 2N = inv 3m = fit-showing raise for S, bad values opposite shortness 2N = invite 3m = GF 18+ 5+H-5+M or 4H-6+m 3H = invite 3S = GF 18+ 5+S-4+H (like 1S-1N-3H in standard) Handling Interference over 1N Same as over 1H-1N-(bid), except: (2C) 2S = 4+S 15-17 NF 2N = invite (2D/2S) X = cards 2N = Good/Bad (15-16 or GF bid) 3direct = invite 17-18 -------------------- 1D-2C Developments: -------------------- 2D = 17(+)+, 4H, F1 2H = 5-6 NF 2S = 18+ 5+S, F to 3H 2N = 20+, 5+m, GF (3C = asks for m) 3m = 18-19, 5+m, inv 3M/N = 19+, 4441/4414/1444 (l/m/h short) - GF 2S = 6-8 short S, 5+-4+ minors, F to 3N/4m 2N = 7-8, no 6+m or 5+-5+ minors, GF 3m = 6-8, 6+m, forcing to 3N/4m 2H = 15-16 5+H NF, or 15-17 4H denies 5+S Pass = no game 2S = short S, 5+-4+ C-D else = max nat 2S = 15-17, 4H-5+S NF 2N = 20+ 4H bal/semibal GF, or 19+ 5H NT-oriented 3m = 5-8 6+m, unbal or slammish 3H = 5-6, short S, 5+-4+ minors 3S = 7-8, short S, 5+-4+ minors 3m = 17-18 5+H-4(3)+m, strong invite to game or slam, F1 3H = 5+H, good 4H bid, but no slam unless partner has a good max (see 1D-2D-3H) -------------------- 1D-2D Developments: -------------------- 2H = to play 2S = ART any splinter (2N asks short: 3m/H = short m/S) else = natural max 2S = 4+H, unbal, strong invite to 4H, F1 2N = asks short (3m/H = short m/S) 3C = values to accept invite 3D = transfer, says nothing about acceptance, F1 3H = declines, prefers to declare 2N = 4+H, bal, strong invite to game, F1; or mild optional 3NT rebid 3C = 4+H, slammish shortness ask 3D/3S/3N/4C = n/h/m/l short 3D = 4+H, short D, slammish 3H = no short 3S/4C = short 3N = short D 3H = 4+H, good game bid but no slam unless partner is very good 3S = 7-8 5+H, asks short, possible slam (see 1D-3H-3S) 3N/4m = 6-7 4+H, short S/m 4H = nope 3N = strong preference for 3NT over 4H (with less strong pref, bid 2N first) -------------------- 1D-2H Developments: -------------------- 2S = pass/correct for pd's suit(s) 2N = 5+ 5+ minors, max 3C = 5+ 5+ minors, min 3D = 7+D or 6D-4C 2N = asks more info, invit+ 3C = 5-6 5+ 5+ minors, NF (Pass/3D = NF, else = GF) 3D = 5-6, 7+D 1-suiter or 6+D-4C NF (Pass/4D = NF, else = GF) 3H = 4-6 6+S, F1 (3S = invite, 54m = cue for S) 3S = 7-8, 5+C-5+D short H, GF 3N = 7-8, 5+C-5+D doubleton H, NF 3m = 4+H-5+m, suggests short S, F1 3H = decent 6+H, invite, short S 3S = decent 6+S, 4+H, invit -------------------- 1D-2S Developments: -------------------- 2N = asking, invite or C or GF 3C = 5-6, 7+C 1-suiter or 6+C-4D, NF (4C = invite, else = F to 3N/4m) 3D = 7-8, 6+D NF (4D = inv, else = F to 3N/4D) 3H = 7-8, 6+C-2H GF 3S = 7-8, short H, 7+C, GF 3N = 7-8, short H, 6C, NF 3C = p/c for pd's suit 3D = 5+D-4+H GF 3H = decent 6+H, NF 3S = 5+S-4+H NF -------------------- 1D-2N Developments: -------------------- 3C = slammish 5+-4+ H-C, OR slammish 4+H without a 4+ minor usu. bal, puppet to 3D 3D = forced 3H = slammish, usu bal, 4+H 3S = 5+-4+ C-H, short S 3N = 5+-4+ C-H, 5422 extras 4C = 5+-5+ C-H 4D = 5+-4+ C-H, short D 4H = 5+-4+ C-H 5422 bad for slam 3D = slammish 5+ 4+ H-D, OR no slam just wants pd to declare 4H, puppet to 3H 3H = forced 4H = wanted pd to play 4H, no slam 3S = 5+H-4+D short S 3N = 5+h-4+D no short 4C = 5+H-4+D short C 4D = 5+H-5+D 3H = good game bid, but no slam unless pd is max 3S = 10-11 4+H asks short, might have slam (see 1D-3H-3S) 3N/4m = 10(+)-11, great side suit (NT = S) 3S/4m = slammish splinter 3N = 15-21, 4/5 H, NT-oriented, c.o.g., no slam -------------------- 1D-3C Developments: -------------------- 3D = ART invite (3N = accepts invite, wants pd to declare) 3H = to play 3S = slammish, asks short 3N/4m = short S/m 4H = no short 3N/4m = GF splinter short S/m -------------------- 1D-3D Developments: -------------------- 3H = slamtry, asks short 3S = 7-9 4+H unbal (3N asks short [H = s]) 3N/4m = 9(+)-11, 4H exactly, short S/m 3S/N/4C = S/D/C splinter, slammish -------------------- 1D-3H Developments: -------------------- 3S = slammish, asks short 3N/4m = short S/m 4H = no short 3N/4m = slammish splinter short S/m *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* Handling Interference over 1D *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* TREAT AS OVER 1H-(INTERFERENCE) EXCEPT: general response strength is 5+ to make negative doubles, etc, not 9+ AND: (X = takeout of H) Pass = 0-4, denies 4+H, or 5-6 BAL without 3H XX = 7+ - continue as over 1H-(X)-XX 1S = 5-8 3fit 1N = nat NF 2C = nat NF 2D+ = as over 1D-2C 1N = 5+C, denies 3+H, 5+ HCP 2C = 5+D, denies 3+H, 5+ HCP 2D = 4+H 4-6 HCP (mixed raise) 2H = 4+H 7-8 HCP balanced (see 1D-2D cont's) 2S = 4+H offensive invit raise 2N+ = same as if no double, see 1H responses (X = diamonds?) Not described, suggest ignore completely until further notice. (1H = hearts) *Revisit this and fill in based on same bids as if they had overcalled 1S* X = 4+S, 5+ HCP 1S = 5+ bal, says nothing about H stopper 1N = 5+C F1, good for declaring NT 2C = 5+D F1? 2D = 5+C GF, not right for declaring NT 2H = decent 4+H 4-6 HCP (their overcall was psyche or misunderstanding) 2S = 4-6 6+S 2N = nat invite 3C = 6+C invite (1H = Spades, with/without a minor) *Revisit this, it's like a 1S overcall* X = 7+ no fit 1S = 3H exactly, 5+HCP 2C = see 1S overcall 2D = 4+H 4-6 2H = defensive invite, 4+fit, 7-8 HCP (see 1D-2D for continuations) 2S = offensive invite, 4+fit (higher) If pd Passes, and opener doubles, use Lebensohl at 2/3 level. ******************************************************************************** 1H OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** see Passed Hand Adjustments at end 1S = 4+S, 8+ HCP (NV mb light), usu. denies 4+H, F1 1N = 8-13(-) (NV mb light), denies 4+S or 3+H, semiforcing 2C = GF Relay (see 1M Relays), usu. fit or NT hand 2D = 11-13(-) 3fit without 4+S, OR 10-11 4fit defensive 2H = simple raise: 7-9 4fit or 8(7)-10 3fit without 4+S 2S = NF, 6(+)-9 6+S 2N = 10-12 offensive 4+fit or 13-15 4+fit BAL 3C = 7-9 4+fit mixed, offensive (3D = ART invite, 3H = to play, 3S = any sing [3N asks], 3N/4m = void slammish) 3D = 6+D 11-12 invite, denies 3+H, 4+S, 5+C 3H = pree 0-7 4+H 3S = 13-16 splinter, 4fit exactly (3N asks short, 4m shows short) 3N/4m = 12-15 splinter, 5+fit (3N = S) 4H = to play 4S/5m = voidwood -------------------- 1H-1S Developments: -------------------- 1N = 3crd S raise 2C = 8-13(-), 4S, denies 3H; OR 11-12 4S-3H; semiforcing 2D = 10-14 3451/3460 NF 2H = 10-14 3S-5+H NF 2S = 10-14 4H-3S-5+C NF 2N = 13-14 3S-5H-6m, F1 3C = p/c, no game interest opposite C 3D = p/c, game interest opposite C 3H = GF ask for m (3S = C, 3N = D) 3m = 13-14 3S-5H-5m, inv 3H = 13-14 3S-6+H inv 2D = 13+, GF 2H = 10-14 3S-5+H, not NT hand 2S = S flag, asks for natural distribution 2N = no S fit, asks for natural distribution 2S = 10-14 3415/3406 2N = 10-11 35(32) 3C = 10-14 3451 3D = 10-14 3460 2H = 8-10, 4S-3H NF 2S = 7-10, 5S to play 2N = 11-12, 5+S, invit, F1 3m = short m, counter-invite, F1 3H = 3622, counter-invite 3S = bad hand, to play 3N = supermax unbal slammish (4C asks h/m/l short) 4m = void splinter, slammish 4H = reasonable 6+H, c.o.g., accepts invite 4S = accepts invite 3m = 11-12, 4S-6+m invit 3H = 5+S splinter H, slammish 3S = 13-15 5+S GF, no slam unless good max (3N = H short max, 4m = m short max) 2C = 2-suiter with C, or 1444, either suit may be longer - denies 3+S 2D = 4th suit F1: 7-10 5+D no C fit short H, OR 11-12 4/5S 3H, OR 12-13(-) 4/5 S without 3+H or 4+C, or 13+ 2H = 10-12, 5+H-4+C NF 2S/3D/3H = NF 2N = GF ask according to the general rules (4+4+?) 2S = 10-14, 4H-5+C F1 3C/3D/3H = NF 2N = GF general ask (4+4+?) 3C = 9-12 6+C-4H 3D = 10-14 0445 3H = 10-14 1435 3S = 10-14 2425 w/ S honor 3N = 10-14 2425 no S honor 2N = 13-14 5H-4C, D stopper, F1 (3D = NF, else GF) 3C = 10-12, 1444 NF (3D = NF, else GF) 3D = 13-14 5H-4C, no D stopper, invite 3H = 12-14 6+H-4C invite 3S = 13-14 0544 GF 3N = 13-14 1444 GF 2H = to play 2S = 10-13 4H-5m, asks to choose suit, semiforcing 2S = invite, 6+S, denies 3+H 2N = invite 3C = invite 3D = 5-5 GF 3H = invite, 6+S-3H 2D = 2-suiter with D, either suit may be longer, denies 3+S 2H = to play 2S = 10-13 4H-5m, asks to choose suit, semiforcing 2S = ART GF ask, economical natural bidding 2N = 10-14 4H-5+D 3C = waiting for more info 3D = 6+D 3H = 2452 no C stopper 3S = Hx no C stop 3N = 1453 3C = 5+H-4+D-3C 3D = 5+H-5+D, denies 3+C 3H = 6+H-4D, denies 3+C 3S = 2542 extras 3N = 2542 no extras 2N = invite 3C = 5-5 GF 3D = invite 3H = invite 6+S-3H 2H = 10-14(-) 6+H, denies 3+S and usually 4+m 2S = ART GF, asks for quality of H 2N = 10-14, weak 6crd 3C = 10-13, decent 6crd 3D = 9-12, 7+crd 3H = 10-13, semisolid 6H 2S = 4fit 2N = asks shortness 3m = short m 3H = (54)22 max 3S = (54)22 min 2N = 13-14, 4H-6+m, denies 3S, F1 (see 1H-1S-1N-2C-2N cont's) 3m = 13-14 5+H-5+m invite, denies 3S (3H = NF, else = GF [4om = H flag slamtry]) 3H = long good suit max NF 3S = 4fit max 3N = asks short 4m = short m 4H = (54)22 supermax 3N = 13(+)-14, 4S-5+H, sing. m, GF 4C asks short: 4D = D, 4H = C 4m = 4S-4+H, max, void m -------------------- 1H-1N Developments: -------------------- Pass = 10-11 35(32), OR 9-12 5H-4S no 4m 2m = 10-14, 4+H, 4+m, wrong for NT 2H = signoff (2S = 3S just 4H, 3om = just 4H seminatural, 3m = 6m-4H) 2S/3H = good max with good m fit, location of values in this suit 3D (over 2C) = good max with good C fit, D values, F1 3m = constructive raise, max 2H = 10-14(-), 6+H, no 4+m, NF 2S = asks for shortness (2N = short S) 3m = to play 2S = 13-14, 4S-5H, no 4m, invite (3m = to play) 2N = 13-14, 1444, F1 -------------------- 1H-2C Developments: -------------------- 2D = 4+C, not 3-suited with S 2H = R 5+4+ 2S = 6+D bad for declaring 2N = 6+D good for declaring 3C = 3H-5(6)D, short C 3D = 3C-5(6)D, short H 3H = 4+C short H 3S = 4+H, short C 4C = 4+C, voidwood H 4D = 4+H voidwood C 2H = 4+D, not 3-suited with S 2S = R 5+-4+ 2N = 6+C good for declaring 3C = 6+C bad for declaring 3D = 5(6)C, 3H, short D 3H = 5(6)C, 3D, short H 3S = 4+D short H 4C = 4+H short D 4D = 4+D voidwood H 2S = 4S, including 3-suiters 2N = 5+-4 R (5-5 impossible) 3C = 6+C 3D = 6+D 3H = 5(6)C, 3H, short S 3S = 5(6)D, 3H, short S 4C = 4+H short S 4D = 4+S short H 2N = 6+S 1-suiter 3C = K2D relay 3D = 6+C 3H = 6+D 3S = 3+S short C 4C/D = 3+S short D/H 4H = 3+S voidwood C 3C = 4(441) 3D = asks l/m/h sing 3D/H/S = 5(332) l/m/h doub (3S = max, 3N = min) -------------------- 1H-2D Developments: -------------------- 2H = NF, 10-11 5+H or 10-12 4H 2S = max 3-fit, short S, 5+-4+ minors 2N+ = max 3fit, descriptive 2S = 5+H, side shortness, counter-invite, F1 (2N asks: 3H = S) 2N = 5+H, no shor, counter-invite, F1 3m = 12-14 4H-5+m, F1 3H = 13-14 some 4441, invite (3S asks l/m/h short; 4m = p/c for a minor NF) 3S = 5+H unbal, slammish (3N asks which: 4H = S) 3N/4m = 5+H, void S/m, slammish 3m = 13-14, 5+H-5+m or 4H-6+m, invite 3H = 14, decent 6+H, inv 3S = 13-14, 0(544) F1 -------------------- 1H-2H Developments: -------------------- 2S = 5+H, side short, invite F1 (2N asks which) 2N = 5+H bal, invite, F1 3m = 13-14, 4H-6(5)+m, invite 3H = 5+H pree -------------------- 1H-2S Developments: -------------------- 2N = either 7+H short S, prepares signoff; OR 2+S invit raise, puppet to 3C 3C = forced 3D/H = 5D/7H signoff attemp 3S = 2+S invite 3m = 13-14 4+H-6+m, short S, invite 3H = 14, decent 6+H, short S, invite 3S = pree, 10-12 3/4S -------------------- 1H-2N Developments: -------------------- 3C = 4+H, counter-invite, F1 3D = 13(+)-14, 5(4)+H, no short, slammish 3H = to play 3S = 12(+)-14 4+H unbal, slammish (3N asks which: 4H = S) 3N/4m = 4+H void (N=S), slammish, non-minimum ------------------------ Passed Hand Adjustments ------------------------ 1H-1S- 1N = 9-12 NT, 13-14 semibal without 3S, 9-14 1444 - natural continuations 2m = nat, MAY HAVE 3S 2H = correction (2S = 3S) 2H = 6+H (2S = H fit, asks short [2N = S, 3m = m - nonminimums]) 1H-2C = Drury, 3+H suggests bal 2D = counter-invite 2S+ = like 1H-2D BUPH continuations 1H-2D = nat 6+D denies 4+S or 3+H, 6-9 1H-2S = 5+H 8-9 any splinter (2N asks) 1H-2N/3D = 8-9 4H with decent 5+C/D 1H-3C = mixed still *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* Handling Interference over 1H *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* (X) XX = 11+ without 4+fit, not too much offense - opponents cannot play undoubled, forcing Pass 1S = 4+S F1 but not GF - continue like 1H-1S, except any GF relay by responder is instead just nat NF 1N = 8-12 3fit (if 11-12, too offensive for XX) 2m = NF 4M-5+m 2M = 5+crd or 3-suited else = as over 1M-2M normally 2M raise = 4+trumps, continue as normal 1M-2M 2S/2N/3C/3D/3H = as normal but natural jumps are not fit-showing invite jumps (4+trumps), and 2NT mb unbal if GF 3N = like 4H but with 2+ defensive tricks (sets forcing Pass) 3S = splinter 4m = fit-showing, helps decide what to do if opps compete - but could be slammish 4H = pree/semipree, 4+fit, denies 2+ defensive tricks (1S) X = 8+, approx BAL, denies 3+H; OR 13+ 5+C without S stopper 1N = 8+, 5+C, denies 4+H, may have 3H if GF or weak 2C = 8+, 5+D, denies 4+H, may have 3H if GF or weak 2D = ART 3fit 8+ 2H = 7-10 4+H NF 2S = 4+H invite, OR low-ODR GF raise without slam interest 2N = 4+H high or medium ODR GF raise 3m = 11-12, 6+crd invite, denies 3+H 3H = pree, vul-dependent 3S = splinter 4m = 4+H, 5+m, helps know what to do over 4S (but could be slammish if bids later) 4H = pree distributional, or enough for game but does not mind if pd bids 5H over 4S, pd assumes weak (1N = natural) X = 11+ any hand 2y = to play (the weaker the more distributional) 2N = ART invite 4+fit 3 lower = fit-showing 3H = pree 3 higher = nat invite 6+crds (1N = artificial) X = 11+ flat or invite with fit 2cue = 4+fit invite 3cue = splinter 4cue = voidwood 2 new suit = 8-10 natural 2N = GF 4+fit 3 new suit = invite natural 3H = pree 4om = fit-showing, helps pd make decision in competition (or could be slammish) (2m) X = negative, 8+, includes invit+ 5+crd S hands, or invite NT, or general GF hands, or some invite 3fits rebid 2S (when could have bid 2S earlier) = F1 5+crds rebid 2N = invite BAL rebid 3m = was just normal neagtive but would rather play 3m now 2D (if available) = 8+ 3fit 2H = 7-10 4+H if 2D was available, else it just shows 8-10 3+fit 2S = 5+S 8-11 NF transfer to 3m (2N over 2C, 3C over 2D) = 4+fit invite, OR low-ODR game raise no slam 3C (over 2C) = 5+D 11+ HCP, denies 4+S or good hand 3fit 3D = 4+fit GF, medium/high ODR 3H = pree, vul-dependent 3S = 6+crds invite 3N = to play, denies 2+H probably 4m = splinter 4om = 4+fit, 5+om, helps pd to know what to do if the opponents bid 5, but may be slammish if bids more 4H = pree distributional, OR enough for game but does not mind if partner bids 5, assuming weak variant 4S = to play (2H = Michaels) X = 11+ no fit 2N/3C = transfers, 11+ no 4+fit 3D = GF 4+fit 3H = 8-10 4+fit 3S cue = splinter 3N = same as 4H, but 2+ defensive tricks (forcing Pass) 4m = fit-showing, 5+crds -4+H, helps pd make decision over opps, or could be slammish 4H = pree or semi-pree, denies 2+ defensive tricks (2S) Pass = weak, including hands without 8-10 3+fit (may be 8 3fit), or 11-12 no 5+m X = 3fit 9+ 2N/3C = transfers, 11+ HCP without 4+fit, but could be 3fit GF 3D = invit+ raise 3H = 4+fit 8-10 3S = splinter 3N = suggests short H 4m = 4+fit, 5+om, helps pd to know what to do if the opponents bid 4S, but may be slammish if bids more 4H = pree, or GF but does not mind if partne bids 5H over 4S (2N = minors) X = 11+ no fit 3C = invit 4+fit 3D = GF 4+fit 3H = 8-10 4+fit 3S = invit nat 3N/4H = pree raise with/without 2+ defensive tricks 4m = splinter (3y) X = 12+ without 4+fit, 2+crds in their suit 3D = F to 3N or 4D 3S = GF 4C = ART slamtry H, 4+fit 4D = 6+C GF (or D if they bid C) 4S/5m = to play (4y) X = cards, tends towards penalty 4N = RKC H ******************************************************************************** 1S OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** See Passed Hand Adjustments at end 1N = semiforcing, 8-13(-), NV may be weaker, denies 3+S 2C = GF R, usu GF NT, or slammish fit 2D = shows 5+H, F1; GF 5+H less than 3+S, OR 11-15 5H-3S, OR 10+ 6+H-3S 2H = 11-13(-) 3fit denies 5+H; OR 10-11 4S defensive hand 2S = NF 7-9 4fit or 8-10 (NV 7-10) 3fit 2N = 10-12 4+S offensive, or 13-15 4S bal 3C = nat invite, denies 4+H or 3+S 3D = 7-9 offensive 4+S, mixed raise (3H = ART invite, 3N = any sing[4C asks], 4m/4H = void) 3H = nat invite, denies 3+S or 5+m 3S = pree 3N = 13-15 splinter, 4fit exactly (4C = asks short; 4D/H = show short slammish [S = C]) 4m/4H = 12-15 splinter, 5+fit -------------------- 1S-1N Developments: -------------------- Pass = 10-11 5(332) 2m = 10-14 4+S-4+m, denies 4+H 2S = doubleton correction 3m raise = invite 3D jump = nat invite 3M jump = good max m raise, values in suit jumped in 2H = 9-14 5+S-4+H 3m = to play 2S = 10-14(-) 6+S 1-suiter 2N = invite (3 NS = shortness non-minimum) 3m = to play 2N = 13(+)-14 4144 invit 3m = 13-14 5+S-5+m or 4S-6+m inv 3H = 13-14 5+S-5+H 3S = 14 decent 6+S invit -------------------- 1S-2C Developments: -------------------- 2D = 4+C 2H = 4+-4+ relays 2S = 6+D bad for declaring NT 2N = 6+D good for declaring NT 3C = 5(6)D, 3S, short C 3D = 5(6)D, 3C, short S 3H = 4+C short S 3S = 4+S short C 4C = 4+C voidwood S 4D = 4+S voidwood C 2H = 4+D 2S = 4+-4+ relays 2N = 6+C good for declaring NT 3C = 6+C bad for declaring NT 3D = 5(6)C, 3S, short D 3H = 5(6)C, 3D, short S 3S = 4+D short S 4C = 4+S short D 4D = 4+D voidwood S 4H = 4+S voidwood D 2S = 5+S-4+H 2N = 5+-4+ relays 3C = 6+C 3D = 6+D 3H = 5(6)C 3S, short H 3S = 5(6)D 3S, short H 4C = 4+H short S 4D = 4+S short H 2N = 6+S 1-suiter 3C = asks short (l/m/h/n) 3D = 6+C 3H = 6+D 3S/4C/4D = 3+S short C/D/H 3C = 4144 3D/H/S = 5(332) l/m/h doub -------------------- 1S-2D Developments: -------------------- 2H = 10-14, 4S, denies 3+H, F1 2S = 5H-3S NF 2N = GF waiting for more distributional bids 3m = 10-12 5+m 3H = 13-14 5+C 3S = 13-14 5+D 3N = 10-14 4144 3m = nat GF 3H = 6+H-3S invite 3S = GF 4m = auto-splinter 2S = 10-11, 5+S, denies 3+H, NF 2N = GF waiting for more distr info 3m = 4+m 3H = 62(32) 3S = 6133 3N = 5233 3m = GF 3H = GF 3S = invite 4m = splinter for S 2N = 12-14, 6+S, denies 3+H, GF 4m = splinter for S 3m = 12-14, 5+S-4+m, GF 3H = 12-14 5+S 3/4H bal, or 9-14 4+S-3H unbal - GF 3S = asks short 3N = min splinter (4C asks: 4D = D, 4H = C) 4m = max splinter 4H = bal 3S = 12-14 near-semisolid 6+S, usu. denies 3+H, GF 3N = 9-11, 5+S-4+H any m splinter (4C asks: 4D = D, 4H = C) 4m = 12-14, 5+S-4+H, splinter 4H = 10-11, 5+S-3/4H bal -------------------- 1S-2H Developments: -------------------- 2S = 10-11 5+S, or 10-12 4S - NF 2N/3C/3D = nat with 3fit 11-13(-) 3H = H splinter, 5+-4+ minors, 3fit 11-13(-) 2N = 5+S unbal counterinvite at least, F1 (3C asks for short: 3S = C) 3m = 12-14 4S-5+m F1 3H = 5+S bal, counterinvite 3S = 13-14 4144 invite 3N = 5+S unbal slammish (4C asks which short: 4S = C) 4m/H = 5+S, void, slammish -------------------- 1S-2S Developments: -------------------- 2N = 5+S unbal, invit+ relay, F1 (3C asks short: 3S = C) 3m = 13-14 3S-6(5)+m, invite 3H = 5+S bal invite 3S = pree -------------------- 1S-2N Developments: -------------------- 3C = 4+S counter-invite, F1 3D = 13(+)-14, 5(4)+S, bal, slam-cooperative 3H = 12(+)-14, 4S unbal, slam-cooperative (3S asks for short: 3N = H) 3S = to play 3N = 12-14, 5+S unbal, slam-cooperative (4C asks: 4S = C short) 4m/H = 4+S, void, non-minimum ----------------------- Passed Hand Adjustments ----------------------- 1S-2C = Drury, suggests bal hand 2D = counter-invite 2H = 5+S-4+H F1, at least some game chance 2N+ = same as 1S-2H-2N+ BUPH 1S-2D = to play, 6+D, denies 3+S 1S-2H = 8-10 5H-2S NF 1S-2N = 8-9 5+S unbal (3C asks short) 1S-3C/3H = 8-9 4S good 5+C/D *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* Handling Interference over 1S *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* (X) XX = 11+ without 4+fit, not too much offense - opponents cannot play undoubled, forcing Pass 2-lower = to play 1N = 8-12 3fit (if 11-12, too offensive for XX) 2m = NF 4M-5+m 2H = nat 5S-4+H, NF 2S = 5+crd or 3-suited else = as over 1M-2M normally 2M raise = 4+trumps, continue as normal 1M-2M 2N/3C/3D/3H/3S = as normal but natural jumps are not fit-showing invite jumps (4+trumps), and 2NT mb unbal if GF 3N = like 4S but with 2+ defensive tricks (sets forcing Pass) 4m = fit-showing, helps decide what to do if opps compete - but could be slammish 4H = splinter 4S = pree/semipree, 4+fit, denies 2+ defensive tricks (1N = natural) X = 11+ any hand 2y = to play (the weaker the more distributional) 2N = ART invite 4+fit 3 lower = fit-showing 3S = pree (1N = artificial) X = 11+ flat or invite with fit 2cue = 4+fit invite 3cue = splinter 4cue = voidwood 2 new suit = 8-10 natural 2N = GF 4+fit 3 new suit = invite natural 3S = pree 4m = fit-showing, helps pd make decision in competition (or could be slammish) (2m) X = negative, 8+, invite NT, or general GF hands, or some invite 3fits rebid 2S (when could have bid 2S earlier) = F1 5+crds rebid 2N = invite BAL rebid 3m = was just normal neagtive but would rather play 3m now 2D = 5+H 8+ HCP, denies 4+fit 2H (over 2C) = 3fit 8+ 2H (over 2D) = nat NF 2S = 7-10 4+S if 2H transfer was available, else it just shows 8-10 3+fit transfer to their 3m (2N over 2C, 3C over 2D) = 4+fit invite, OR low-ODR game raise no slam 3C (over 2C) = 5+D 11+ HCP, denies 4+H or good hand 3fit 3D = 4+fit GF, medium/high ODR 3H = 6+crds invite 3S = pree, vul-dependent 3N = to play, denies 2+S probably 4m = splinter 4om = 4+fit, 5+om, helps pd to know what to do if the opponents bid 5, but may be slammish if bids more 4H = to play 4S = pree distributional, OR enough for game but does not mind if partner bids 5 in comp, assuming weak variant (2H) Pass = weak, including hands without 8-10 3+fit (may be 8 3fit), or 11-12 no 5+m X = 3fit 8+ 2S = 4+S 7-10 2N/3C = transfers, 11+ HCP without 4+fit, but could be 3fit GF 3D = invit+ raise 3H = punt, GF, denies 3+S or 5+m 3S = pree, vul-dependent 3N = suggests short H 4m = 4+fit, 5+m, helps pd to know what to do if the opponents bid 5H, but may be slammish if bids more 4H = splinter 4S = pree, or GF but does not mind if partne bids 5H over 4S (2S = Michaels) X = 11+ no fit 2N/3C = transfers, 11+ no 4+fit 3D = GF 4+fit 3H = 8-10 4+fit 3S cue = splinter 3N = same as 4H, but 2+ defensive tricks (forcing Pass) 4m = fit-showing, 5+crds -4+H, helps pd make decision over opps, or could be slammish 4H = pree or semi-pree, denies 2+ defensive tricks (2N = minors) X = 11+ no fit 3C = invit 4+fit 3D = GF 4+fit 3H = invit nat 3S = 8-10 4+fit 3N/4H = pree raise with/without 2+ defensive tricks 4m = splinter (3y) X = 12+ without 4+fit, 2+crds in their suit 3D = F to 3N or 4D 3H = GF 4C = ART slamtry S, 4+fit 4D = 6+C GF (or D if they bid C) 4H/5m = to play (4y) X = cards, tends towards penalty 4N = RKC S ******************************************************************************** 1N OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** 2C = Stayman, could include garbage, C signoff, invite with S, any GF 2D = transfer (could be 4H invite or c.o.g.) 2H = transfer (could be 4S invite or c.o.g.) 2S = asks minor (could be both minors, or C invit, or D GF) 2N = invite 3C = D signoff, or GF with C (then 3M = 6+C short M GF, 3N = 6+C bal mild slam invite) 3D = nat invite 6+D 3H = 6+C short D, GF 3S = 6+D short C, GF 4m = South African Texas, no slam (OP must bid 4 cM) 4M = to play -------------------- 1N-2C Developments: -------------------- 2D = no M 2H = garbage, 4+H-4+S, or 4H-5C 2S = pref (3C = 5C to play) 2N = 22(54) 3m = 6m-3om-2-2 2S = invite, 5S, or 4S-4/5H, or 4S-5+m unbal Pass = min, 3S, rather not risk trying for minor 2N = min, pref for H or NT (3H = 5H) 3m = min, good 6crd minor, invite 3H = max, 3H, forcing to 3N or 4m (3S = 5S, 4m = invite bad for NT) 3S = max, 3S, forcing to 3N or 4m (4m = invite bad for NT) 3N = max, confident of 3NT opposite a 5m 2N = puppet to 3C, mb signoff C, or 5+m-4M GF 3C = forced Pass = to play 3D = 5+D, denies 4+C, GF 3H = asks, prepared to play in suit if pd has short S 3S = short C 3N = 12-15 short H 4C = short S 4D = 16+ short H 3H/S = 5+C, short D/H 3N = 12-15 5+C, short S 4C = 16+ 5+C, short S 3C = GF Re-Stayman 3D = 5+m (3H asks: 3S = C, 3N = D, 4C = 6D max) 3H = both minors, doubleton H (3S asks: 3N = 3244, 4C = 22[54]) 3S = 2344 3N = 4m-333 4C = 6+C max 3D = 5+-4+ majors, GF (but not 6+H-4S) 3H = 3crd (3S = 5+S-4H, 3N = 4522 forcing, 4m = shortness slamtry H fit) 3S = 3S, denies 3H (3N = NF 5H-4S, 4m = shortness slamtry S fit, 4H = 5422 slamtry) 3N = 2-2 majors 3M = GF, 4441/5440 short M 3N = to play 4m = 6+H-4S short m, slam interest 2H = 4H, denies 4S 2S = invite 5S, or 4S-5+m unbal Pass = to play, trip S, rather not risk 3m or 2NT 2N = min, prefers NT over any suit 3C = counter-invite, 3S, ART (3S/4S = to play with 5S, 3D = 4S-5D, 3H = 3H) 3H = max, 5H, GF 3S = max, 3S, denies good 5H, GF 3N = max, denies 3S or 5H 2N = puppet to 3C, signoff C or 5+m-4S GF unbal, OR SIGNOFF IN 3NT 3C = forced Pass = C signoff 3D = 5+D 4S unbal (3H asks: 3S = short C, 3N = 15-17 short H, 4C = 18+ short H) 3H = GF, 5+C-4S, short D 3S = 15+, 5+C-4S, short H 3N = to play 3NT 3C = GF Re-Stayman 3D = 4+D (3H asks: 3S = 3442[2452], 3N = 2443 [2452], 4C = 2452 extras) 3H = 1-suited H (3S asks hoping for 5H: 3N = 3433, 4m = 5H cue, 4H = 5H no cue) 3S = 3424 (2425) 3N = 2434 (2425) 4C = 2425 max 3D = to play, 5+D-4S 3H = invite 3S/4m = splinter slammish 2S = 4S, denies 4H 2N = puppet to 3C, signoff C, or 5+m-4H GF unbal, OR SIGNOFF IN 3NT 3C = forced Pass = C signoff 3D = 5+D-4H unbal (3H asks: 3S = short C, 3N = 15-17 short S, 4C = 18+ short S) 3H = GF 5+C-4H short D 3S = 15+, 5+C-4H short S 3N = to play 3NT 3C = GF Re-Stayman 3D = 4+D (3H asks: 3S = 4342[4252], 3N = 4243[4252], 4C = 4252 max) 3H = 1-suiter (3S asks hoping for 5S: 4N = 4333, 4m/H = 5S cue, 4S = 5S no cue) 3S = 4324 (4225) 3N = 4234 (4225) 4C = 4225 max 3D = to play, 5+D-4H 3H = splinter 4fit, slammish 4m = splinter 4fit, slammish 2N = 4H-4S min 3C = to play, was C signoff 3D = H fit, any strength (pd bids 3H, then Pass/4H = to play, 3N = bal slamtry, NS = splinter slamtry) 3H = S fit, any strength (pd bids 3S, then Pass/4S = to play, 3N = bal slamtry, NS = splinter slamtry) 3C = 4H-4S max Pass = to play, was C signoff 3D/H = H/S fit any strength (see above) -------------------- 1N-2D Developments: -------------------- 2H = most hands 2S = ART invite, 4H unbal or 5+H 2N = min, denies 3H, prefers NT 3C = min, 3H, NF (3D = 4H-5+D, 3H/4H = 5crd to play, 3S = 4H-5C GF) 3D = min, 4H, soft hand, NF 3H = max, 3H, GF 3S = max, 5S, denies 3H, GF 3N = max, denies 3H or 5S, GF 4H = accepts game, 4fit 2N = invite, 4H bal or 1444 (3m = good 5 or any 6 crds to play) 3m = GF, 5+H-4+m 3H = GF, 4H c.o.g., OR 6+H bal slammish 3N = denies 4H 4H = 4H 3S/4m = auto-splinter 2S = max, 4+H, F1 | 2N = supermax, HHx support, NF | 3H = average hand, 4+H, NF | Over these 2N (over 2S) = counter-invite balanced 3C (over 2S/2N) = counter-invite unbal, mild 3D (over 2S/2N) = re-transfer 3H (over 2S/2N) = slammish, asks for side 4+suit (else 3N), GF 3S/4m = splinter 3N (over 3H) = bal slamtry -------------------- 1N-2H Developments: -------------------- 2S = most hands 2N = invite 4+S 3m = GF 5+S-4+m 3H = retransfer to spades, invite to game, or slammish balanced, 6+ spades 3S = declines 3N/4m/4H = good accept, cue (no cue) 4S = bad accept 3S = 4S choice of game, GF (4S = 4S, 3N = not 4S) 4m/4H = auto-splinter 2N = supermax, HHx support NF 3C = max, 4+S, F1 3S = average hand, 4+S, NF Over these superaccepts, see 1N-2D superaccepts -------------------- 1N-2S Developments: -------------------- 2N = non-max, 3+D, D longer or equal to C 3C = 6+C invite 3D = to play, was both minors 3M = short M both minors, or 6+D 3N = 22(54) mild slam invite or 6+D bal mild slam invite 4D = 2254 slammish or 6+D bal slammish 3C = 3+C, C longer than D 3D = GF 6+D 3M = values, suggests oM is good opposite shortness (A, xx[x] e.g.) 3M = short M, 5+-4+ minors, or 6+C 4C = 2245 slammish 3D = max, 3+D, D longer or equal to C 3M = short M both minors, or 6+D, or occ. 6+C 4D = 2254 slammish or 6+D bal slammish -------------------- Passed Hand Adjustments: -------------------- Transfer then 3m = nat invite *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* Handling Interference over 1N *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* (X = penalty/cards) Pass = 8+, or maybe 5-7 asking if pd is max or min (2y) Pass = NF X = optional, sets forcing Pass 2z = NF, but OP can raise with max and fit 3z non-jump = invite 3z jump = GF X = penalty Pass = ok 2z/3z = see above Pass = max XX = min Pass = was 8+ 2m = to play (but may SOS redouble later if doubled, showing scramble) (Pass) Pass = normal, 2H = 4H-4S (X) XX = SOS, doubleton pd's suit suit = natural, usu doubleton pd's suit 2H = usu. 4H-3/4S 3S = to play XX = puppet to 2C, shows clubs or D+M (Pass) 2C = forced (Pass) Pass = clubs, occ. 4crds stuck 2D = 4+D-4+M 2M = 5+C-4M F1 2N/3C = nat invite (with clubs) 3D = 5+C-4D GF 3M = 6+C auto-splinter GF (X) Pass = 4+C (OP should XX with doubleton, or bid a 5suit if desired) XX = SOS, 4+D-4+S 2D = 4+D-4+H (2y) Pass X = 5+C invite+, can stand pd to Pass with stack 2z = nat with 5+C NF (OP can continue with max) 3z nonjump = F1 3z jump = GF X = good takeout distribution, max 2C = puppet to 2D, shows D or majors (Pass) 2D = forced (Pass) 2H = 4+ 4+ majors to play 2S/3C = 5+D-4suit, F1 2N/3D = nat invite, with D 3H = 5+D-4H GF 3S = auto-splinter 6+D GF (X) XX = SOS, 5+S-4+H, S longer than H 2H = 4+H-4+S but H not shorter than S else = as above (X) Pass = doubleton D 2D = 3+D (2y) Pass (Pass) X = 5+D invit+, can stand if pd passes with stack 2z = 5+D-4z NF but opener can continue with max 3z nonjump = nat with 5+D, F1 3z jump = nat with 5+D, GF X = takeout, good shape, max 2D = 5+H, any strength (later NS = F1) 2H = 5+S, any strength (later NS = F1) 2S = 6+C 2N/3C = max/min (NS = shortness GF, else 3C) 2N = 5+-4+ minors, weak or GF (later pull 3m to 3M = shortness GF) 3y = pree 4m = South African Texas 4M = to play (2y = natural direct) X = negative 8+ (later NS by responder NF) 2z = to play, op can continue only with a max and fit 2N = invit+ transfer (to cheapest unbid m) over 2m, Lebensohl over 2M Lebensohl: 3C = forced Pass/3lower = to play 3y cue = 4oM no stopper 3S (after their 2H) = 4S-5+m no slam 3N = 4oM with stopper 4m = 4oM-5+m, slammish if they bid H 3C/D/H = transfer, invit+; over (2M), this denies 4oM - transfer to their suit shows the next suit 3y cue = asks stopper 3S = over 2m, shows 4H-5+om GF; over 2H, shows clubs F to 3N or 4C 4m = slammish South African Texas 4M = to play, no slam (2y = ART) X = cards, pd can Pass with 4 cards; forcing to X or 2NT else = see natural overcall handling above except there is no cue (2y = natural balancing) Pass X = penalty by responder X = takeout, good hand, whether the suit bid is natural or not (3y) X = 11+ without shortness in their suit, tends to be more penalty the higher the bid or the more vulnerable they are 3z = GF (except 3D, which is F to 3N or 4D), no transfers 4y cue when y = m = 5+ 5+ majors; when y = M, shows 5+-5+ 5oM-5m 4N = quant over 3m, 5+ 5+ minors over 3M ******************************************************************************** 2C OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** 2D = asking (invite 5+M, invite 4+D-2C, invite fit, or any GF) 2M = 8-10 NF, usu. denies 3+C 2N = invite (3C = to play, 3else = shortness, F1) 3C = 6-10 to play (3else = feature supermax, possible game; 4C = invite) 3D/M = nat invite 6+crds, tends to deny 3+C 3N = to play (4D/M = supermax, decent 6+C, shortness, slam interest) 4C = pree, 4+C 4D = 12-15 splinter, 4+C 4M = to play no GF bids BPH, just invite -------------------- 2C-2D Developments: -------------------- See interference at end 2H = 3H 2S = invite 2N = relay for more info 3C = min 6+C 1-suiter 3D = R for short (3H = short D, 3S = short S, 3N = none) 3D = min 4D-5+C 3H = max, 4D-5+C 3S = max, 6+C, short D 3N = max, 2326 3C = invite else = GF 2S = 3S, denies 3H 2N = relay for more info 3C = min 6+C 1-suiter 3D = R for short (3H = short D 7+C, 3S = short S, 3N = none) 3D = min 4D-5+C 3H = max 4D-5+C 3S = max 7+C 1-suiter short D 3N = max 3226 3C = invite else = GF 2N = no 3M, 6+C 3C = invite 3D = R 3H = 7+C 3S = max 2236 3N = min 2236 3M = GF 3C = min 4D-6+C, no 3M (3D = to play, 3H asks l/h short, 3S = GF) 3D = max 4D-6+C, no 3M (3H asks l/h short, 3S = GF) 3M = max, 3M, short other M, 1-suiter Handling Interference over 2C-2D: (2z) natural bids, Forcing Pass - 2NT by asker is forcing *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* Handling Interference over 2C *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* (X) XX = 11+, suggests penalty-seeking (misfit); OR some GF, OR 10-11 raise later X's are penalty, and further 2NT/3C by XX'er is NF but others F 2D+ as normal, except 2N = 2way: invit 4+fit, OR 7-10 2C-4+D (wants to play in the 8fit) (2y) Pass Opener should reopen with balancing distribution (2N = 6C-4lower), or extra strength X = 10+, assumed takeout (later if bids 2N/3C is invite, else GF) 2z = to play 2N = 6-10 3+C, or GF with some (5)6+crd suit 3C = forced 3C = invite 3z = invite (3y) X = cards, more penalty-oriented at fav or 3S 3z = GF ******************************************************************************** 2D OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** 2H = ART F1 - 5+S or 6+H signoff, invite with 5(6)H, invite with 4+C-2D, invite raise 2S = ART GF R 2N = invite (3 NS = max, short) 3C/3M = 6+suit invite, usu. denies 3+D 3D = NF 6-10 3+D (3M = supermax, values, chance of game; 4D = invite) 3N = 13-17 to play (NS = supermax, good 6+D, shortness, slammish) 4C = 12-15 splinter, 4+D 4D = pree 4M = to play, no slam 5D = to play Passed hand: 2M = nat 7-10 NF, usu. denies 3+D 3C = ART bal 10-11 3+D raise -------------------- 2D-2H Developments: -------------------- 2S = 2S 6+D, or min with 3S 2N = 11-12, 5(6) H invite 3C/3S = 13-14 with 2S-6+D, denies 3H, values in suit bid (worried about 4th suit) 3C = 11-12, 2D-4+C, invite (pd can PAss/3D with min, else GF) 3D = 11-12 raise, invite 3H = 6+H signoff 3S = 11-12 5+S invite 2N = 10-12, short S 3C = was invite with 4+C-2D, opener Passes with 4C, else bids 3D 3D = invite raise 3H = 6+H 7-10 3S = invite 3C = 13-14, 4C-5+D 2/3H, short S (3H = signoff) 3D = max 6+D, short S 1-suiter (4C = F) 3H = max, 3S-5+D, denies 3H (4C = F) 3S = max, 3-3 majors (4C = F) -------------------- 2D-2S Developments: -------------------- 2N = 10-14 5+D-4C (see 4+-5+ relays) 3C = 10-14, 6D 1-suiter bal (see CHEAP TRIP relays) 3D/M = 10-14 6+D short C/M 1-suiter (relay asks natural conts, else set suits acc to relays) 3N = 10-14 2272 Handling Interference over 2D-2S: (3z) natural bids, Forcing Pass *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* Handling Interference over 2D *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* (X) XX = 11+, suggests penalty-seeking (misfit); OR some GF, OR 10-11 raise later X's are penalty, and further 2NT/3D by XX'er is NF but others F 2H+ as normal, except 2M = nat NF 2N = 2way: invit 4+fit, OR 7-10 4+C-2D (wants to play in the 8fit) (2y) Pass Opener should reopen with balancing distribution (2N = 6D-4lower), or extra strength X = 10+, assumed takeout (later if bids 2N/3C is invite, else GF) 2z = to play 2N = 6-10 3+D, or GF with some (5)6+crd suit 3D = near-forced 3C = 4C max 3D = invite 3z = invite (3y) X = cards, more penalty-oriented at fav or 3S 3z = GF ******************************************************************************** 2H OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** 2S = ART asks short, invit+ 2N = shows spades, 5S with short H, or 6+S, at least invite 3m = max seminatural, denies 3+S (3S = GF 6+S) 3H = min, denies 3+S (3S = GF 6+S) 3S = min, 3S 3m = nat F1, suggests short H (3H = NF, else = F to 3N or 4m) 3H = pree 3S = nat invite good 6+crds, suggests short H 4S = to play -------------------- 2H-2S Developments: -------------------- 2N = short S (3m = descriptive strong invit to 4H or maybe slam, 3H = to play, 3S = cue for H, 4m = cue for H but mb natural slammish) 3m = short m (3D = ART strong H invite to game or even slam, 3H = to play, 3S/4om = cue for H but mb nat slammish, 4m = cue for H) 3H = min bal 3S = max bal, GF 3N = max bal GF, good for declaring NT *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* Handling Interference over 2H *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* (X) XX = head-hunting, 15+ 2S/2N/3H/3S = same as if no X 3m = NF (OP can continue with max and fit) 4m = fit-showing 3+fit, helps pd decide what to do if they compete, or it could be slammish (bid) X = penalty 2N (if available) = asks shortness (3H may contain short S minimum) 3y cue their suit = asks for half-stopper 3m = F1 3S = invite 4m jump = fit-showing 3+fit, helps pd decide what to do if they compete, or it could be slammish ******************************************************************************** 2S OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** 2N = ART asks shortness, invit+ 3m/H = short (bids below 3S mb strong S invites, but also mb slammish, 4m/H = cue with S fit, may even be nat slammish if pd did not show short in it) 3S = min bal 3N = max bal 3m = F1, suggests short S (3S = NF, else = F to 3N or 4m) 3H = F1, if just 5H then short S (3S = NF, else = GF) 3S = pree 4H = to play *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* Handling Interference over 2S *_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_* (X) XX = head-hunting, 15+ 2N/3H/3S = same as if no X 3m = NF (OP can continue with max and fit) 4m = fit-showing 3+fit, helps pd decide what to do if they compete, or it could be slammish (bid) X = penalty 3m = F1 3H = invite 4m jump = fit-showing 3+fit, helps pd decide what to do if they compete, or it could be slammish ******************************************************************************** 2N OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** 3m = to play 3H = ART GF short ask 3S = short S, 2/3 H, OR 10-11 11(65) (4m = flag, 4M = to play) 3N = short H, 2/3 S (4m = flag, 4M = to play) 4m = max 1-1-6m-5om (step 1 = RKC for longest minor, step 2 = RKC shorter minor, else natural) 3S = ART invite in a minor, forces 3N 3N = forced 4m = nat invite 3+ crds 4M = void, slammish, 6+-5+ 4N = accepts invite, other minor longer 4m = pree 4+m Handling Interference: (X) Pass = asks to choose best/longest minor XX = 11+ penalty else = as normal (3M) X = penalty 3S = invite 4M cue = slamtry some m 4N = asks pd to bid 5 of best/longest m ******************************************************************************** 3m OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** *NOT VULNERABLE* 3C 3D = ART asking 3M = short M (4C/4D/4oM = NF, 4M raise = ART flag for C) 3N = nothing special (4C/D/4M = NF) 4C = short D, extras (4D = flag, 4M = to play) 4N = great suit, extras 3M = invite, decent 6+suit 3D 3M = invite, decent 6+suit 4C = ART asking 4D = no extras (4M = to play) 4M/5C = shortness, extras 4N = no shortness, extra honors *VULNERABLE* 3C 3D = ART GF short ask, slammish 3M/4D = short M/D 3N = no shortness, side A, or K 4C = no shortness, side A or K 3M = 5+crds, F to 3N or 4C 3D 3M = 5+crds, F to 3N or 4D 4C = ART slammish short ask 4D = no shortness; side A or K 4M/5C = short 4N = no shortness or side A or K Handling Interference: (X) XX = penalty 4om = honor concentration + fit, F1 NS = nat NF (or lead-directing with fit) else = as normal (bid) X = penalty NS = nat F1 (or lead-directing with fit, or even just cue if 4om) 4cue = cue-bid with fit, slammish ******************************************************************************** 3M OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** Handling Interference: (X) XX = penalty 3S (over 3H) = nat NF, or lead-directing with fit 4m = shows values with fit, F1 4N = RKC M 5M = pree (bid) X = penalty 4m = values with fit, or may be cue-bid, or even own suit slammish, F1 other NS = NF cue their suit = cue with fit, slammish 4N = RKC 5M jump = pree ******************************************************************************** 3N OPENING RESPONSES ******************************************************************************** 4C/5C = p/c 4D = ART slam relay 4M = short M (all bids cues for pd's minor, except 5C/6C = p/c) 4N = no short (5C/6C p/c, else cue for pd's minor) 5m = 7+m, short om (NS = cue for m) Handling Interference: (X) XX = pen, else = normal (bid) X = pen, 4N = to play, 5C = p/c ******************************************************************************** CONSTRUCTIVE BIDDING RULES ******************************************************************************** When M is trumps 1) if 3M sets suit a) NS = shortness if no shortness already shown b) 3NT = no shortness, or if shortness alreadys shown, shows singleton honor 2) when 5+-4+ suits shown NS = shortness NT = 5422 2nd suit shows good suits 5-5 (or conc 5422 if impossible) or extra card if possible 3) after 1D-1H-1S or 1H-1S and setting M at 2-level, new suit is fragment 4) after a 3-level splinter, 3NT = cooperative acceptance Forcing 2NT Waiting Bid 1) in GF situations where 2NT is idle, it is waiting asking for natural description 2) new suit = 4+ cards, delayed support = 3+, rebid 2nd suit is 5+crds (unless can't be 5 then just 5422 extras)o RELAY SCHEMES a) K2D aka SHORTNESS Relays (singletons, doubletons up the line) - after 1-suiters, 5-4, 6-4, 3-suiters, or 4432 shortness is usually shown l/(m)/h/(n) after shortness response in 6+ 1suiters is balanced, may have further relay for CHEAP TRIP b) 5-5 Relays (often part of 5+-4+ and 4+-4+ relays below) step 1= low short step 2 = high short step 3 = 6511 6 in lower suit step 4 = 6511 6 in higher suit c) CHEAP TRIP relays - applies to 6m(322) hands bid l/m/h tripleton d) 5+-4+ relays (where you know one suit is not longer than the other) step 1 = 5+-5+ (then next relay is 5-5 relays) step 2 = 6+-4 (then next step is K2D relays) step 3/4 = 5-4 l/h short (R asks if 5440/5431 if possible) step 5 = 5422 e) 4+ 4+ relays (where either suit could be longer, or equal) step 1 = 4H not 4432 step 1 = R Step 1/2/3/4 = 4H-5+other 5+-4+ steps Step 5/6 = 4441 l/h singleton, if possible steps 2/3/4/5/6 = 5+H-4+other acc to 5+-4+ scheme step 7/8 = 4432 l/h doubleton, if possible f) 1M relays - used after 1M opening, 1C-1H/1N, and 1C-1D-1S step 1 = 4+M-4+C at least 5-4 (see 4+-4+ relays) step 2 = 4+M-4+D at least 5-4 (see 4+-4+ relays) step 3 = 5+M-4+oM, see 5+-4+ relays step 4 = 6+M 1-suiter (see K2D relays) step 5 = 4441 (see K2D relays) higher = 5M 1suiter (l/m/h doubleton) g) BAL relays step 1 = 4+C R asks step 1 = 4+D (R asks: low doub., high doub, 2245, 2254) step 2 = 4H (R asks: low doub, high doub, 2425) step 3 = 4S (R asks: low doub, high doub, 4225) steps 4/5/6 = 5332 l/m/h doub step 7 = 3334 step 2 = 4+D denies 4+C R asks step 1 = 4H (R asks: low doub, high doub, 2452) step 2 = 4S (R asks: low doub, high doub, 4252) step 3+ = 5332 l/m/h doub then 3343 step 3 = 4/5H no m R asks step 1 = 4S (R asks K2D) step 2+ = 5332 l/m/h doub then 3433 step 4+ = 5S-332 l/m/h doub then 4333 h) 5+m relays step 1 = 5+m-4om (then use 5+-4+ relays) step 2 = 7+m 1-suiter (then use K2D) step 3 = 6m bal (then use CHEAP TRIP) higher = 6m 1-suiter l/m/h short i) if last shape in relays is 3S, then 3S shows extras and 3NT minimum j) EXITING RELAYS AND SETTING TRUMPS FLAG TRUMPS: Trump suit is set with a flag after relays by taking the next 4 non-relay steps (other than 3NT or 4D, see below) and ordering the suits from long to short order (ties/unknown go H-S-C-D priority). 1st step = flag longest suit as trumps 2nd step = flag next-longest suit 3rd step = flag 3rd-longest suit 4th step = flag shortest suit This can be after the last natural relay, or it can be a relay-break (in this case, step 1 = relay, step 2 = flag longest suit, etc...) EXCEPT: 3NT = always to play (unless 3S showed a void, then this is relay) 4D = end-signal or QUANT: forces 4H - then Pass/4S/5m = to play, 4N/5M = QUANT RESPONSES TO FLAG: FLAG is 3H or below: - RKC/spiral scan - step 1 = void if possible (1 = yes, 2+ = no and runon to next questions below), else start with 2+ below - step 2+ = - if 9+ HCP shown, 1430 steps with step 6 = 3 KC + Queen (so if 3-0 then denies Queen if 3) - if 5-8 HCP shown, 0+noQ/0+Q/1+noQ/1+Q/2 - next asks (spiral style, so can skip a step to skip to next question) - trump Q (step 1 = no, ste 2 = yes), if possible - side Kings - step 1 = 0 - step 2 = 1 in longest side suit, or 2 in the other 2 - step 3 = 1 in next-longest side suit, or 2 in the other 2 - step 4 = 1 in the shortest side suit, or 2 in the other 2 - steo 5 = 3 side Kings - side Queens (see side King steps) - trump Jack (step 1 = no, 2 = yes) - side Jacks (see side King steps) - last relay is 5NT (6y is always to play, whatever suit) FLAG is 3S or higher: - no RKC, just cue-bidding with TUrbo - see below h) slam bidding - non-relay auctions if relays not used, and trumps are set, we do not use RKC - cue - Turbo: if in cue-bidding one side bids 4NT, that shows 0/2/(4) keycards, bypassing shows 1/3 keycards - jump to above 4-level of trumps is Exclusion RKC (0/1/2/3/4 steps) followed by